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Qual é a linha temporal do projecto? Definição
A project timeline is a visual representation of all the tasks and activities that are supposed to be completed in a project, as well as their duration and start and end dates. Such an overview provides the manager with key information on all the tasks and related allocation, helping them manage projects on both general and more detailed levels.
Types of project timeline
There are no two identical projects - that is why we divide project timelines into several different types based on their features.
Linha temporal do projecto por tipos de gráficos
Os tipos mais populares de cronologias de projectos incluem:
- Historical timeline that simply outlines the chronological order of the project's tasks and acts as a project schedule for its stakeholders,
- Vertical chart timeline is mostly used to track project-related data, with billable hours, project budget involved.
- Gantt chart that combines tasks with allocations and their details to provide managers with a comprehensive overview of all the key deliverables in the project.
This text will focus on the type of project timeline that appeals most to professional service companies - the Gantt chart calendar with employee capacity and task assigned to particular team members.
Como criar uma linha temporal do projecto?
If you are still here with us, you know you need a project timeline for your business. So let’s get to the point: how to create a project timeline?
Em que consiste a linha temporal do projecto?
Primeiro, vamos começar com as coisas que o cronograma do seu projecto deverá ter no final da sua viagem.
Idealmente, deveria conter:
- project stages or tasks (whichever fits your project best) for the entirety of the project scope,
- their duration, start dates, and end dates,
- dependências - por exemplo, quando uma tarefa precisa de ser concluída para que outra possa começar,
- team members, their capacity, and allocation.
Agora vamos ver como funciona na prática.
5 steps to create a timeline for your project
The process of preparing a project management timeline usually takes just a few steps. They include:
1. Define the project scope
That’s the simplest step - you need to figure out what task needs to be done for the project to succeed.
Specify the requirements for the scope of your project
To get started, you need to talk to your customer to discuss the basic details behind the operation. By the end of this conversation, you should have:
- descrição do projecto e informação de base necessária para o completar,
- main objectives, tasks, and/or project milestones,
- project goals, including target audience, desired features, outcomes for each phase.
Entre em mais detalhes sobre o projecto
However, these factors are insufficient for the project timeline - they must be much more specific. That is why you can now move on to organizing the project scope and its deliverables.
Nesta altura, deveria:
- write a project statement,
- create a list of stages and tasks in the project, as well as their dependencies, that need to be completed, and their general schedule,
- realizar previsões básicas de recursos para estabelecer que recursos são necessários para o projecto e se tem uma equipa de projecto para o trabalho,
- especificar a data de início e fim desejada para o projecto e as suas fases,
- priorizar as tarefas em conformidade,
- consult other project managers who may have experience in similar projects or tasks.
Having done that, you can now organize the information even further - it’s time to divide your projects into smaller pieces.
2. Dividir o projecto em partes
Once you know what your team must do to succeed, it’s time to take a closer look at all the necessary operations, their scope, and milestones.
Dividir o projecto passo a passo
First, divide the project into key stages marking the significant development of the project.
For each of them, select a milestone showing you the exact goal you must achieve for the project to proceed. Do not forget to determine the task dependencies and dates if they are critical for the tasks!
From there, split the stages into small, manageable deliverables and place them chronologically. Once again, include task dependencies when necessary and identify any bottlenecks preventing your teams from succeeding.
3. Determinar o tempo e os recursos necessários para completar cada fase ou tarefa
You already have a list of tasks that need to be done. Now it’s time to check what they need to complete on time - and according to all the complicated requirements.
A successful project in a nutshell
Para o fazer, analisar cada tarefa ou etapa e determinar:
- que acções a tarefa irá envolver,
- what are its stakeholders,
- how much time it will take to complete all tasks and fulfill the project plan,
- que competências ou conjuntos de competências serão necessários para completar a tarefa,
- how much money each task will cost,
- como os custos se comparam com o orçamento.
After completing all of the steps above, you will be able to see how long the stage will take, what resources it requires, and what are its possible deadlines.
4. Atribuir tarefas a especialistas
Now, you can use your newly acquired knowledge to start project scheduling in project management.
Start the process with capacity planning - check the status of your employees and other duties they need to attend and establish the number of hours they have at your disposal.
At this point, you can start resource planning by allocating specialists whose schedules do not collide with your perfect project schedule.
Por último, mas não menos importante, verificar se o seu projecto não tem vagas a preencher. Embora este passo possa parecer trivial, pode ser a diferença entre o sucesso e o fracasso!
5. Ponha todas as tarefas na linha do tempo e aperfeiçoe o seu plano
If you have a project scheduling tool and you have already allocated your specialists, you probably already have your project timeline in a calendar or a Gantt chart.
However, if you use Excel for a resource management plan (or if you prefer Jira resource management), you still need to take one more look at your project timeline and arrange it in chronological order.
Gerir o seu projecto e as suas tarefas
Nesta altura, deve prestar muita atenção a problemas como os seguintes:
- vagas ou tarefas que não foram atribuídas a quaisquer especialistas e membros da equipa,
- benches or overtime included in the plan - they should be avoided as much as possible,
- dependências que estão em risco de falhar,
- quaisquer outros riscos que possam afectar o projecto.
However, if you have found no wrongdoings, your project timeline is ready!
Modelo de cronograma do projecto em Excel - como deve ser?
The project timeline is difficult to create in Excel, as the tool has limited visualization options. To make things worse, Excel’s graphs are based on tables, making editing difficult. Therefore, this program's project timeline template may not suit your needs.
Let’s see what the Excel project management timeline looks like.
Modelo de cronograma do projecto Excel - tabela
In the project timeline template, everything starts with a table. In this case, it should contain the name of the milestone, its start date, and its priority (on a scale from 1 to 5).
Eis um exemplo de uma tal tabela:
Adding a scatter plot chart for the project timeline template
Agora é altura de dar mais um passo com o nosso modelo de cronograma do projecto e transformar a tabela num gráfico de dispersão.
To do that, select the data table, go to the Insert menu, and select the Scatter chart. You can edit it in this panel, too.
The result of the change in the project timeline template should look like this, with each dot representing a project milestone. However, the entire project plan remains invisible - there is no way to show its details here.
Of course, project managers can also expand the chart a bit in this panel using the same project timeline template. For example, you can add the title to the chart, and add chart elements and data labels.
However, an Excel project timeline has significant visibility problems - and they will not change regardless of the number of labels you use to describe the data.
Additionally, these are not the only limitations in the Excel project timeline and project timeline template.
Modelo de cronograma do projecto em Excel - limitações
Excel project timeline templates are not a perfect tool - especially for service companies managing several specialists and projects simultaneously. That is because the tables are not meant to act as project timeline software and lack the big picture necessary for the job, not to mention the milestones and timeline templates in general.
O que é impossível nos modelos da linha temporal do projecto Excel?
For example, in Excel project timeline template, you cannot:
- view each phase, milestone, and task, as well as their details, separately,
- create a list of allocations and responsibilities for each team member,
- monitor work progress for each stage, task, or employee,
- editar de forma flexível a atribuição e as etapas sempre que necessário,
- monitor budgets and spending - again, you need another spreadsheet for the purpose,
- collaborate with your employees or teammates and exchange information with them in real-time.
Therefore, it is no surprise that numerous service companies decided to look elsewhere for their project timeline tools - and we have an example of a perfect project management tool for them.
Exemplo de linha temporal do projecto
Excel project timelines do not always look intuitive, and they undoubtedly require lots of additional labor. However, preparing a timeline in Primetric is much less time-consuming, as it was designed as project timeline software in the first place.
Vejamos como funciona num exemplo de linha do tempo de um projecto!
Criar um novo projecto em Primetric
Every new project in Primetric starts with a few basic pieces of information we need to have to adjust the view to your needs. Therefore, before you start, you need to create a new project and add some details to it.
Criação de etapas e estimativas
After you confirm the data you filled in the Create a new project window, you will be redirected to the project panel. Here you can add stages to the project (the button on the left), add a sufficient date to them, monitor their status, and create estimates for each stage.
Create and monitor the budget for every project in Primetric
Additionally, in Primetric tools, stakeholders can also monitor your budget from the start - the estimate can include your costs, rates for your teams, and live calculations - just like in the screenshot below.
Criação de uma linha temporal do projecto em Primetric
You can now go to the project calendar tool and plan the project from start to finish by creating a project schedule. Simply click on the Calendar tab to get there.
After doing so, you will see an empty calendar that only marks the project's duration. Now you will have an opportunity to fill it in.
Simply click on the day you want the allocation to appear, and choose a person you want to add to the project. If you have any doubts, the project timeline software will help you do that!
Acréscimo de atribuições para os membros da equipa
Then, you can repeat the process and fill in all the project team allocations in the project. You can do it in the very same with all tasks in Gantt chart.
You do not have to worry about overbooking, time offs, missing milestones, and public holidays - the system will track them and inform key stakeholders whenever such an event is in the schedule.
Here’s what it looks like:
If you want to see whether Primetric can accommodate your project and all its important dates, feel free to book a demo with our advisors or start a trial immediately with our tools - you can begin the process online right now!
Benefits of the project management timeline
Alright, but why, in the first place, should you even consider spending your precious time on preparing a timeline?
Há algumas boas razões para tal.
Benefícios para os marcos do projecto e... todos os envolvidos
- Clear overview of the entire project and ability to track it. No one wants to be kept in the dark. With a project timeline, you can track and monitor the project's milestones while ensuring all tasks are on schedule.
- Mistakes can’t hide! There’s no denying that planning is a complicated process prone to human error, regardless of the tools you use. However, creating a timeline and using it to track task progress can simplify and help you correct mistakes.
- Tracking progress and status is easier. The project timeline shows you everything that is supposed to happen in the project - and later on, you can use it to see what’s happening in its every task.
- There are no bottlenecks in the project. Without a project timeline, work tends to pile up, creating chaos no one in the team wants to deal with. It’s better to identify these issues before they put the entire operation at risk!
Do you want to know more about project timelines or project management?
Veio ao lugar certo!
Visite o nosso blogue e leia sobre ele:
- efficient workload management for your team and it's every task, with an estimate included,
- factores críticos de sucesso do projecto que deve ter em mente ao preparar uma linha temporal do projecto,
- creating a perfect resource management plan that will help you monitor the status of work for your teams along with all the deadlines,
- planeamento de recursos em Jira - se utilizar a ferramenta, é claro,
Ou contacte os nossos conselheiros e reserve imediatamente uma demonstração.
